{"id":7469,"date":"2023-07-07T13:38:59","date_gmt":"2023-07-07T13:38:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/?p=7469"},"modified":"2023-07-11T15:43:56","modified_gmt":"2023-07-11T15:43:56","slug":"10-surprising-things-about-your-skin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/","title":{"rendered":"10 Surprising Things About Your Skin","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW66498609 BCX0\">There\u2019s more to skin than meets the eye. <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW66498609 BCX0\">Dermatologist<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW66498609 BCX0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/about-us\/who-we-are\/deborah-sarnoff-md\/\"> Deborah S. Sarnoff, MD<\/a>,<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW66498609 BCX0\">president of The Skin Cancer Foundation<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW66498609 BCX0\">,<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW66498609 BCX0\">sheds light on<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW66498609 BCX0\"> the weird and wonderful things that your skin can do, from renewing itself to repairing some of the damage that can lead to skin cancer.<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">To better understand the ins and outs of how skin works, it helps to know what\u2019s happening in each of its three main layers (with help from the illustration, below). What you see on the surface is the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">epidermis<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, which acts like a waterproof barrier, keeping moisture locked in and bacteria, fungi, viruses, allergens and irritants out. It\u2019s also home to squamous cells, basal cells and melanocytes, the latter of which produces melanin, the substance that gives color to skin and hair. DNA damage in any of these cells can lead to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/skin-cancer-information\/\">skin cancer<\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">The next layer of skin, the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">dermis<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, contains sweat and oil glands, hair follicles, blood vessels and lymph vessels, which carry out waste. Cells in this layer produce collagen and elastin fibers, which give skin structure and allow it to stretch<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The bottom layer is the <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">hypodermis<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, aka the subcutaneous fat layer, which means fat stored under the skin. (Some experts don\u2019t even consider this layer part of the skin.) The fat, which attaches to bone and muscle, helps cushion and insulate the body. The blood vessels in the dermis extend into the hypodermis, getting larger so they can circulate blood throughout the body, deliver nutrients to other organs and transport waste. Now, onto the fun facts!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7471 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/skin-illustration-600x571.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/skin-illustration-600x571.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/skin-illustration-1024x975.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/skin-illustration-768x731.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/skin-illustration.jpg 1045w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: center;\">From top to bottom, you\u2019re looking at the epidermis, the dermis and the hypodermis \u2014 the three main layers of skin. Credit: Getty Images<\/p>\n<p><b>1. One little square inch of skin is made up of 19 million skin cells<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Within that inch of skin, there are different types of skin cells, each with its own specific job. For example, that includes about 60,000 melanocytes, cells that produce melanin pigment, which gives <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/are-people-of-color-at-risk-for-skin-cancer\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">skin its color<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">. All humans have melanocytes (with the exception of some people who were born with albinism). The majority of skin cells are keratinocytes. These include basal and squamous cells, the two types from which the most <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/back-basics-understanding-worlds-common-cancer\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">common skin cancers<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\"> can arise. According to the Cleveland Clinic, a square inch of skin also contains 300 sweat glands, 20 blood vessels and 1,000 nerve endings. And that\u2019s just scratching the surface. The average adult has 2,800 square inches \u2014 about 22 square feet of skin!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">2. Your skin sheds 30,000 skin cells a minute<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">You may not see the dead, dull skin flaking off your face and body, but it\u2019s happening all day. It takes about a month for newly formed skin cells to make their way to the surface \u2014 a timeframe that decreases with age. \u201cCell turnover can take as much as six to eight weeks in someone in their 60s or 70s, and that buildup of dead skin cells can make their complexion appear duller and drier,\u201d says Dr. Sarnoff. You can speed up the process (at any age) with topical products that contains retinoids, which promote new cell growth, or alpha hydroxy acids, including glycolic acid. These loosen up the intercellular glue-like substance that holds skin cells together on the surface, allowing them to slough off sooner. You can find these ingredients in cleansers, serums, lotions or creams.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">3. Skin contains 11 miles of blood vessels<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">The road to healthy, radiant skin is paved with blood vessels. \u201cThese bring oxygen and nutrients to your cells, remove waste and help regulate your skin\u2019s temperature,\u201d says Dr. Sarnoff. When the skin gets warm, your blood vessels dilate, allowing heat to escape to the outside air. When it\u2019s cold outside, they constrict, keeping the heat in your skin. When you come back inside for hot chocolate, the blood vessels dilate again, giving you that rosy flush.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">4. Skin accounts for 10 to 15 percent of your body weight<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Next time you\u2019re feeling frustrated with the scale, remember that a lot goes into the number you see on the screen, including the weight of your skin. It\u2019s the heaviest of all your organs. \u201cThat 10 to 15 percent is composed of water, oils, lipids (fats), nutrients, hair follicles, blood and lymph vessels, collagen and living and dead cells,\u201d says Dr. Sarnoff. In the average adult, that can mean 20 pounds of skin alone \u2014 about the weight of Dr. Sarnoff\u2019s dog, Maxie.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">5. Skin has its own metabolism<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">You hear a lot about the body\u2019s metabolism and how it slows with age, affecting everything from energy levels to the way your jeans fit. But did you know that your skin has a metabolism, too? The term refers to processes within the skin that control production and breakdown of collagen and elastin. It also affects how well your skin renews its cells, repairs its damage and even how it responds to topical products you use. Like your body\u2019s metabolism, the skin\u2019s metabolic processes also lag with age and exposure to environmental aggressors. A review in the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\"> showed that ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes changes in cellular metabolism, leading to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/surprising-signs-of-sun-damage\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">visible signs of photoaging<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">6. Your skin is on the clock<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">You\u2019re not the only one who runs on a 24-hour cycle. Researchers have discovered that your skin has a circadian (Latin for \u201cabout a day\u201d) rhythm, governed by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain. That\u2019s a mouthful, but it\u2019s basically a group of nerve cells that act as a master clock. During the daylight hours, your skin is in protective mode, trying to shield your cells from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/risk-factors\/uv-radiation\/\">UV light,<\/a> free radicals, pollution, etc. At night, skin\u2019s repair processes kick into high gear, with research showing that repair peaks at night. The circadian rhythm also influences skin temperature and permeability. Both increase at night, making skin more receptive to topical ingredients. The circadian rhythm also increases transepidermal water loss (TEWL) at night, the process by which water escapes from the skin. So, before bed, it\u2019s prime time to apply moisturizer.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Research has also shown that the body\u2019s nucleotide excision repair (NER) system, responsible for removing UV photodamage from DNA, is controlled by the skin\u2019s circadian rhythm. If this system doesn\u2019t remove the damaged DNA, these mutations may cause skin cancer. According to a recent review in the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">International Journal of Molecular Sciences,<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\"> circadian rhythm disruption may be linked to the disease, with the newer research focusing on manipulating circadian clock functions and so-called clock genes within the skin to reduce skin cancer risk. Bottom line: Get your beauty sleep at night and wear sunscreen during the day.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">7. Your skin can flex<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">You know that your skin covers your muscles, but did you know there are teeny-tiny muscles <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">within<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\"> the skin, too? They\u2019re called the arrector pili muscles, and they\u2019re located inside your hair follicles. Fun fact: \u201cIt\u2019s these little muscles that make your hairs stand straight up when you get goosebumps,\u201d says Dr. Sarnoff.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">8. Skin is an \u201cemotional\u201d organ<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">You may have assumed your brain holds that title, but your skin is the most sensory of all the organs, says Dr. Sarnoff. It reacts to temperature, pressure, vibration, pain and pleasure. \u201cThe dermis contains cells with nerve fibers that transmit sensations of touch to the brain,\u201d she says. Skin is also highly reactive to emotional stress. Research has shown that inflammatory skin issues such as eczema, psoriasis and acne often flare during stressful times. And stressful situations can also trigger sweating, itching and hives. Experts have found the connection between stress and skin is bidirectional. Simply put, stress can exacerbate skin issues, but skin can also send signals to the brain, triggering a stress response.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">9. The barrier is skin\u2019s unsung hero<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/skin-cancer-prevention\/sun-protection\/sunscreen\/\">Sunscreen<\/a> keeps skin\u2019s surface safe from<a href=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/risk-factors\/sunburn\/\"> sunburns<\/a>, and its cells protected from UV damage. Your barrier, the outermost layer, plays a crucial role in protecting skin, too. Its job is to keep potential irritants, allergens and bacteria out of skin, and moisture locked inside. Even large molecules in some antiaging skin-care products can\u2019t pass through skin\u2019s barrier, despite what cosmetic brands claim. \u201cThe molecules in most cosmetic compounds are too large to be absorbed, so don\u2019t believe everything you hear about absorption,\u201d says Dr. Sarnoff. When the skin\u2019s barrier gets damaged (from UV exposure, harsh cleansers, over-exfoliating, etc.), microscopic tears form. This allows water to escape and gives potential irritants a fast pass into your skin, making it feel dry and sensitive.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">10. Skin has a microbiome<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">You\u2019ve likely heard some buzz about the gut microbiome, a community of microbes that live in your intestines and may influence everything from immune health to how a person will respond to drug treatments, including immunotherapy for melanoma. Well, the skin has a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/do-you-know-what-is-living-on-your-skin\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">microbiome<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"none\">, too, with trillions of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi that play a role in fighting infection, controlling inflammation and even helping your immune system recognize possible threats. Researchers are working on treatments to manipulate the bacteria on the skin\u2019s surface to treat inflammatory skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis, acne and diseases including skin cancer.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Did you know your skin has a metabolism, a microbiome and it can repair some of its damage? Learn more fun facts about your skin here. <\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":14,"featured_media":7470,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2880],"tags":[5595,5627,2900,20,5492,5601],"class_list":["post-7469","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-the-skin-cancer-foundation-journal","tag-healthy-skin","tag-skin","tag-skin-cancer","tag-skin-care","tag-skin-care-tips","tag-skincare"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.3 (Yoast SEO v25.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>10 Surprising Things About Your Skin - The Skin Cancer Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Did you know your skin has a metabolism, a microbiome and it can repair some of its damage? 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Learn more fun facts about your skin here.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Skin Cancer Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/skincancerfoundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-07-07T13:38:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-07-11T15:43:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/GettyImages-1415234168-e1715112087290.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Krista Bennett DeMaio\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@skincancerorg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@skincancerorg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Krista Bennett DeMaio\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Krista Bennett DeMaio\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/#\/schema\/person\/1af8091d15dfd7eca89228cf5f72e2b3\"},\"headline\":\"10 Surprising Things About Your Skin\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-07T13:38:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-11T15:43:56+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/\"},\"wordCount\":1534,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/GettyImages-1415234168-e1715112087290.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"healthy skin\",\"skin\",\"skin cancer\",\"Skin Care\",\"skin care tips\",\"skincare\"],\"articleSection\":[\"The Skin Cancer Foundation Journal\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/\",\"name\":\"10 Surprising Things About Your Skin - The Skin Cancer Foundation\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/blog\/10-surprising-things-about-your-skin\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.skincancer.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/GettyImages-1415234168-e1715112087290.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-07T13:38:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-07-11T15:43:56+00:00\",\"description\":\"Did you know your skin has a metabolism, a microbiome and it can repair some of its damage? 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